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Heroin Addiction and Abuse

Heroin is an opioid drug derived from morphine, a substance found in poppy plants. It currently has no legitimate medical use in the U.S. but is a common illicit street drug commonly known as smack, horse, wren, and big H. Heroin and other opioids are highly addictive, but treatment can help people quit using heroin and live healthy, productive lives. This page will discuss the impact of and treatment of heroin addiction.

What is Heroin?

Alcohol addiction is a medical condition that involves compulsive drinking despite the negative consequences it has on a person’s life.1 Medical professionals diagnose alcohol addiction as an alcohol use disorder, or AUD. AUD can have varying degrees of severity, ranging from mild to severe. The severity depends on the level of a person’s alcohol misuse and how many diagnostic criteria they meet as outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the tool professionals use to assess whether a person has an AUD.
Opioids are a class of drugs that include many prescription medications for pain relief as well as illicit drugs like heroin. Heroin and other opioids attach to the opioid receptors in the brain, and when taken, it dulls an individual’s perception of pain; they may also experience pleasurable feelings and even euphoria at higher doses.4 Some prescription opioids, such as Oxycodone and Vicodin, are also sold illegally as street drugs.4 Heroin is typically found as either a white or brown powder or as a black, sticky substance known as black tar heroin. Heroin can be snorted, smoked, or mixed with water and injected.1

Learn About Heroin Use & Treatment

Heroin Use

Treatment for Heroin Use

Signs of Heroin Addiction

Although heroin use is rare in the population of people who misuse prescription opioids, some individuals turn to heroin after becoming dependent on prescription opioids.1 It’s estimated that around 80% of heroin users started with opioid prescription drug misuse.1

Opioids are a class of drugs that include many prescription medications for pain relief as well as illicit drugs like heroin. Heroin and other opioids attach to the opioid receptors in the brain, and when taken, it dulls an individual’s perception of pain; they may also experience pleasurable feelings and even euphoria at higher doses.4 Some prescription opioids, such as Oxycodone and Vicodin, are also sold illegally as street drugs.4 Heroin is typically found as either a white or brown powder or as a black, sticky substance known as black tar heroin. Heroin can be snorted, smoked, or mixed with water and injected.1

Heroin Side Effects

The opioid class of drugs includes prescription pain medications such as hydrocodone and oxycodone, synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, and illegal opioids such as heroin.6 Opioid misuse poses a significant risk of drug addiction and numerous health consequences, including respiratory depression and overdose.3, 6 Fentanyl is up to 100 times stronger than morphine. It can be deadly even in small amounts and is a major contributor to overdoses in the U.S.7 Illegally made fentanyl is synthesized in labs and often mixed with other drugs like cocaine, heroin, meth, and MDMA, frequently unbeknownst to the user.8

Opioids are a class of drugs that include many prescription medications for pain relief as well as illicit drugs like heroin. Heroin and other opioids attach to the opioid receptors in the brain, and when taken, it dulls an individual’s perception of pain; they may also experience pleasurable feelings and even euphoria at higher doses.4 Some prescription opioids, such as Oxycodone and Vicodin, are also sold illegally as street drugs.4 Heroin is typically found as either a white or brown powder or as a black, sticky substance known as black tar heroin. Heroin can be snorted, smoked, or mixed with water and injected.1

What to Do When Your Loved One Uses Heroin

The opioid class of drugs includes prescription pain medications such as hydrocodone and oxycodone, synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, and illegal opioids such as heroin.6 Opioid misuse poses a significant risk of drug addiction and numerous health consequences, including respiratory depression and overdose.3, 6 Fentanyl is up to 100 times stronger than morphine. It can be deadly even in small amounts and is a major contributor to overdoses in the U.S.7 Illegally made fentanyl is synthesized in labs and often mixed with other drugs like cocaine, heroin, meth, and MDMA, frequently unbeknownst to the user.8

Opioids are a class of drugs that include many prescription medications for pain relief as well as illicit drugs like heroin. Heroin and other opioids attach to the opioid receptors in the brain, and when taken, it dulls an individual’s perception of pain; they may also experience pleasurable feelings and even euphoria at higher doses.4 Some prescription opioids, such as Oxycodone and Vicodin, are also sold illegally as street drugs.4 Heroin is typically found as either a white or brown powder or as a black, sticky substance known as black tar heroin. Heroin can be snorted, smoked, or mixed with water and injected.1

Heroin Addiction Treatment

The opioid class of drugs includes prescription pain medications such as hydrocodone and oxycodone, synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, and illegal opioids such as heroin.6 Opioid misuse poses a significant risk of drug addiction and numerous health consequences, including respiratory depression and overdose.3, 6 Fentanyl is up to 100 times stronger than morphine. It can be deadly even in small amounts and is a major contributor to overdoses in the U.S.7 Illegally made fentanyl is synthesized in labs and often mixed with other drugs like cocaine, heroin, meth, and MDMA, frequently unbeknownst to the user.8

Opioids are a class of drugs that include many prescription medications for pain relief as well as illicit drugs like heroin. Heroin and other opioids attach to the opioid receptors in the brain, and when taken, it dulls an individual’s perception of pain; they may also experience pleasurable feelings and even euphoria at higher doses.4 Some prescription opioids, such as Oxycodone and Vicodin, are also sold illegally as street drugs.4 Heroin is typically found as either a white or brown powder or as a black, sticky substance known as black tar heroin. Heroin can be snorted, smoked, or mixed with water and injected.1

Self-Assessment: Am I Addicted?

Are you worried about yourself or a loved one?

If you’ve noticed that your use of alcohol has grown out of control or is negatively affecting your life, relationships, or health, you may be questioning whether you have a substance use disorder. If you have been using alcohol and wonder if you may be addicted, answer the following 11 questions honestly.
At American Addiction Centers, our goal is to make care accessible for all those who need it. Whether you need financing or want to explore other payment options, we’re here for you.

How Do I Get Help for Alcohol Addiction?

People who chronically misuse alcohol can develop alcohol dependence, which is a physiological adaptation that can occur due to the ongoing presence of alcohol.9 When a person who is dependent on alcohol stops drinking, they can suffer from alcohol withdrawal.9 Dependence is not the same as addiction, but it is often a feature of alcohol use disorder (AUD).1, 9

The Time to Seek Help is Now

If you’re interested in finding alcohol treatment near you, you could start by consulting your doctor to discuss your situation, receive a diagnosis, and ask about treatment centers. You can also use our directories tool to search for a facility near you or out of state or learn more about using insurance coverage for rehab.

The criteria for SUD include:4

  • Taking higher amounts or more frequent doses of the substance than originally intended.
  • Having a persistent desire to cut down or regulate substance use but being unable to do so.
  • Spending a great deal of time obtaining, using, and recovering from the effects of the substance.
  • Experiencing cravings, or strong desires or urges to use the substance.
  • Failing to fulfill major role obligations at home, school, or work due to substance use.
  • Continuing to use the substance despite having persistent or recurrent interpersonal or social problems caused or exacerbated by the substance.
  • Giving up important occupational, recreational, or social activities due to substance use.
  • Using the substance in situations in which it is physically hazardous, such as while driving or operating machinery.
  • Continuing to use the substance despite having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is caused or exacerbated by the substance.
  • Developing a tolerance (e.g., needing more of a substance to feel its effects).
  • Experiencing withdrawal symptoms after discontinuing consumption or needing to continue using a substance to avoid withdrawal symptoms.

Are You Covered For Treatment?

American Addiction Centers is in-network with many private insurance companies. We’ll help you verify your insurance coverage for treatment quickly and easily.

  1. Drug Enforcement Administration. (2017). Drugs of abuse.
  2. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2022, December). Heroin.
  3. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2021, June). Prescription Opioids DrugFacts.
  4. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2018, January). Prescription opioid use is a risk factor for heroin use.
  5. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2018, January). Prescription Opioids and Heroin Research Report: Heroin use is driven by its low cost and high availability.
  6. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (n.d.). Signs of heroin use.
  7. Healthline. (2021). Signs of heroin addiction.
  8. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2018). Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A Research-Based Guide (Third Edition): Is there a difference between physical dependence and addiction?
  9. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2018, June). Heroin Research Report: What are the long-term effects of heroin use?
  10. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2018). The Science of Drug Use and Addiction: The Basics.
  11. Centers for Disease Control. (2022, May). Heroin.
  12. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2019). DrugFacts: Treatment Approaches for Drug Addiction DrugFacts.
  13. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2018). Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A Research-Based Guide (Third Edition): Principles of Effective Treatment.
  14. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2018). Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A Research-Based Guide (Third Edition): Types of Treatment Programs.
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